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Pick up to three peptides to see how their mechanisms, studied uses and evidence levels differ. Rows where the entries disagree are marked with a blue edge.
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Comparison
Afamelanotide (melanotan I)
Cosmetic & dermatologic
Evidence level
Strong evidence
Approval status
Approved drug
Mechanism of action
- 1.Binds MC1 receptors on skin pigment cells.
- 2.Increases eumelanin production without requiring UV exposure, thickening the skin's own photoprotection.
- 3.Reduces the skin damage and pain that follow light exposure in porphyria.
- 4.Unlike Melanotan II it has not been linked to the same pattern of nausea and spontaneous erections in user reports, although both act on melanocortin receptors.
- 5.Its half-life is short; the implant releases it slowly over weeks.
Studied for
- Erythropoietic protoporphyria (the approved indication)
- Other photodermatoses such as polymorphic light eruption and solar urticaria
- Vitiligo repigmentation, as an adjunct
- Cosmetic tanning, which has not been studied for approval
Reported effects
- Increased skin pigmentation within days of an implant
- Much longer pain-free sun exposure in porphyria trials
- Reduced reliance on protective clothing in treated patients
- Nausea and headache in a minority of patients
Side effects
- Nausea
- Headache
- Back pain
- Nasopharyngitis
- Darkening of existing moles, which requires monitoring
Research protocol
Research context only outside the approved indication — Scenesse is given as a clinician-inserted subcutaneous implant of 16 mg, repeated every two months during sunny periods. There is no validated protocol for self-administration, and the injectable 'melanotan' sold online is a different, unapproved product.
Research context only
Evidence justification
Randomised controlled trials support its licensed use in erythropoietic protoporphyria, where regulators in Europe and the United States have approved it; that evidence does not extend to cosmetic tanning.