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Pick up to three peptides to see how their mechanisms, studied uses and evidence levels differ. Rows where the entries disagree are marked with a blue edge.

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Comparison
Afamelanotide (melanotan I)

Cosmetic & dermatologic

Evidence level
Strong evidence
Approval status
Approved drug
Mechanism of action
  1. 1.Binds MC1 receptors on skin pigment cells.
  2. 2.Increases eumelanin production without requiring UV exposure, thickening the skin's own photoprotection.
  3. 3.Reduces the skin damage and pain that follow light exposure in porphyria.
  4. 4.Unlike Melanotan II it has not been linked to the same pattern of nausea and spontaneous erections in user reports, although both act on melanocortin receptors.
  5. 5.Its half-life is short; the implant releases it slowly over weeks.
Studied for
  • Erythropoietic protoporphyria (the approved indication)
  • Other photodermatoses such as polymorphic light eruption and solar urticaria
  • Vitiligo repigmentation, as an adjunct
  • Cosmetic tanning, which has not been studied for approval
Reported effects
  • Increased skin pigmentation within days of an implant
  • Much longer pain-free sun exposure in porphyria trials
  • Reduced reliance on protective clothing in treated patients
  • Nausea and headache in a minority of patients
Side effects
  • Nausea
  • Headache
  • Back pain
  • Nasopharyngitis
  • Darkening of existing moles, which requires monitoring
Research protocol

Research context only outside the approved indication — Scenesse is given as a clinician-inserted subcutaneous implant of 16 mg, repeated every two months during sunny periods. There is no validated protocol for self-administration, and the injectable 'melanotan' sold online is a different, unapproved product.

Research context only

Evidence justification
Randomised controlled trials support its licensed use in erythropoietic protoporphyria, where regulators in Europe and the United States have approved it; that evidence does not extend to cosmetic tanning.